R&D in energy is critical to realise this ambitious target and thus meet development goals. Given the difficulties in procuring fossil fuel supplies, there is a need to direct R&D to more efficient way of distribution and consumption, development of substitutes to fossil fuels and adopting commercial low carbon high-efficiency technologies that extract and use coal, our most abundant primary resource.
Apart from coal, there is need for a mission on bio-energy that would include bio-diesel from non-edible oils such as Jatropha and Karanj. On the other side, storage technology is important for using intermittent sources of power and for the automotive sector.
India’s theoretical solar power potential (600TWA) is several folds above its current total energy consumption. However, much needs to be done to develop this into cheap energy. The impediment here is high cost. There are interesting developments that could lead to big gains in thin films solar cells with the potential for nearly 45 percent sunlight-to-electricity conversion efficiency appears feasible through this route.
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